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Menendo González
Menendo González (Portuguese and Galician: ''Mendo Gonçalves''; died 6 October 1008) was a semi-autonomous Duke of Galicia and Count of Portugal (997–1008) and a dominant figure in the Kingdom of León around the turn of the second millennium. He was the ''armiger regis'', or royal ''alférez'', the king's armour-bearer and commander of the royal armies, under Vermudo II, and he continued to hold the position until his death. He became the tutor (1003) and ultimately father-in-law of Vermudo's successor, King Alfonso V. He maintained peaceful diplomatic relations with the Caliphate of Córdoba until 1004, after which there was a state of war.
==Regency of Alfonso V==
Before 999 King Vermudo II placed his heir, Alfonso V, under the tutorship of his ''alférez'' Menendo. Alfonso was only five at his father's death (September 999) and he spent the early years of his reign in the care of Menendo and his wife. The earliest act of Alfonso as king dates to 13 October 999, and it lists as confirmants first Count Menendo González ("''Menendus Gundisaluiz, comes''") and then "Duke" (count) Sancho García of Castile ("''Santius, dux, Garsea prolis''"). Menendo also appears in contemporary documents with the ducal title, as in ''dux domnus Menendus proles Gundisalvi''.
The young Alfonso always appears in his early charters beside his mother, Elvira García, a sister of the count of Castile and possibly exercising the regency under his influence. After 1003 Elvira no longer appears in royal charters; perhaps she was removed in a palace coup by Menendo. In subscribing one royal act Menendo went so far as to call himself "he who under the authority of the aforementioned king ordains and guides all things" ("''qui sub imperio iam dicti regis hec omnia ordinavit et docuit''"). In 1004 Sancho challenged the regency of Menendo. Both counts petitioned the Córdoban ''hajib'' al-Muzaffar to arbitrate the dispute. According to Ibn Khaldun, a hearing took place and al-Muzaffar's deputy, the ''qadi'' of the Mozarabic community of Córdoba, Asbag bin Abd Allah bin Nabil, found in favour of Menendo. According to some sources this took place in Córdoba with the two disputant counts in attendance, but according to others it took place in León.
In 1000, as regent, Menendo confirmed the testament of Hilal, called Salvatus, the Mozarabic abbot of San Cipriano de Valdesalce, after the queen-regent Elvira and the young king and before five bishops of the realm. A charter dated 23 December 1001 records the settlement of a dispute concerning the Monastery of Celanova by Alfonso V and "his elder, the lord Menendo, son of Gonzalo" ("''senatus sui domni Ermenagildi Gundisaluiz prolis''"). Another charter dated 11 January 1002 records the donation of San Andrés de Congostro to the monastery of Celanova and was confirmed by "duke Menendo, son of Gonzalo" ("''Menendus dux prolis Gundisaluiz''").
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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